HIV / AIDS and Mental Health

Published on: July 8, 2024

Receiving an HIV/AIDS diagnosis can make someone feel like their entire world is collapsing around them. They might feel isolated, alone, and fearful about what lies ahead. Without the proper support system and resources, an HIV/AIDS diagnosis can send a person into a dark place, increasing their stress levels even more.

There is a strong link between HIV/AIDS and mental health, from the emotional and mental strain that accompanies the diagnosis to the physical pain, treatment side effects, and the stigma that some may feel. HIV/AIDS can impose a psychological burden on many people. Mental health conditions, like depression and anxiety, were found to be the most common mental health struggles people living with HIV/AIDS have reported experiencing. However, like HIV/AIDS, many mental health conditions are treatable.

Join us as we explore the connection between HIV/AIDS and mental health, how to seek support and some of our top tips for coping with the diagnosis.

 

The Relationship Between HIV / AIDS and Mental Health

Trying to navigate life with an HIV/AIDS diagnosis can present ongoing challenges that extend beyond regular medical management. From not knowing what is going on with your health status, coupled with complex treatment regimens, to the potential for stigma and discrimination from society, it is no surprise that the diagnosis can become a breeding ground for mental health complications.

The constant monitoring of viral loads, following medication schedules, and coping with potential side effects further intensify the psychological burden. Not to mention, that the societal misconceptions and stigmas surrounding HIV/AIDS can often lead to feelings of isolation and shame, which can take a significant emotional toll on individuals. Living with HIV/AIDS is a multifaceted struggle that impacts both physical well-being and mental health.

 

Understanding the Connection

The connection between HIV/AIDS and mental health disorders is complex and has a multitude of factors. Instead, it sees influence from social, psychological, biological, and medical factors that can shape everyone’s experience and outcome.

Let us take a closer look at some of the ways a person living with HIV/AIDS may face mental health concerns.

 

STIGMA

Historically, people living with HIV/AIDS have faced discrimination and stigma due to their diagnosis. Misinformation and myths have led to instances where they have been insulted, rejected, gossiped about, and, in extreme cases, even assaulted for something beyond their control. Consequently, many may experience depression due to isolation and feelings of sadness, as well as anxiety stemming from concerns about what people might say or do if they find out about their diagnosis.

 

PSYCHOLOGICAL

The psychological impact of HIV/AIDS is strongly associated with mental and emotional disorders. People living with HIV/AIDS are at a higher risk of developing mood, anxiety, and cognitive disorders. Compared to the general population, those living with HIV are over twice as likely to experience depression and more than eight times as likely to have anxiety. Without managing the stress, an HIV/AIDS diagnosis can lead to significant psychological strain that translates into long-term mental health conditions.

 

PRE-EXISTING MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS

Studies have revealed that HIV is more prevalent among adults with preexisting mental health disorders. In the United States, people living with HIV who also have serious mental illnesses such as psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder, recurrent major depressive disorder, comorbid mood, and substance use disorder range from 2 to 6% compared to the general population’s 0.5%. These mental health conditions can increase the risk of HIV transmission because individuals may engage in higher-risk sexual behaviors and injectable drug use. While this does not imply that every person with a pre-existing mental health disorder is at risk of acquiring HIV, statistically, it does put them at a higher risk.

 

SIDE EFFECTS OF MEDICATION

The medications used to treat HIV/AIDS, such as antiretroviral therapy (ART), can potentially cause side effects that may impact mood or mental health. Individuals with a history of depression, anxiety, or insomnia have reported these medications affecting their emotional and mental well-being. Fortunately, there are a variety of options available for HIV/AIDS treatment. If you have a history of mental health disorders, it is essential to discuss with your HIV doctor to determine the most suitable anti-HIV medication for you.

 

Seeking Support in Tampa, Florida

Many people have strong reactions when they learn they have HIV/AIDS, including fear, anger, and feeling overwhelmed. However, with the proper support, they can also feel a strong hope for a better future.

Since many people living with HIV/AIDS experience fear and isolation, it is essential for them to have caring individuals and resources around them to support their mental health journey. Fortunately, there are numerous resources, groups, and supportive people eager to assist those living with HIV in our Tampa Bay community.

Here is a list of some recommended HIV/AIDS resources we recommend checking out in the Tampa Bay area:

 

• +Charged by Metro Tampa Bay: Offers one-on-one sessions that empower people with HIV to develop healing, advocacy, and connection strategies.
• Peer-led Support Groups by Empath EPIC St. Pete: Provides peer-led support groups that create a safe space for discussion, encouragement, and growth, held every other Tuesday for anyone in the community who is HIV-positive.
• Florida HIV / AIDS Hotline: 800-352-AIDS
• Housing Opportunity for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA): Fund designed to provide housing assistance to people with HIV/AIDS and their affected family members in the Tampa Bay metro area.
• Ryan White Program: Provides HIV/AIDS-related medical care, medication, and support to low-income people with HIV in the Tampa Bay area.
• Personalize HIV Care Program (IDATB): Comprehensive service in Tampa offering diagnostics, in-house testing, medical treatment, case management, drug assistance programs, PrEP, and PEP.
• Florida Health Mental Health Handout in English and Spanish
• HIV/AIDS Services Program of Catholic Charities Diocese of St. Petersburg: Offers housing and related supportive services for individuals with an HIV/AIDS diagnosis throughout Hillsborough, Pinellas, and Hernando Counties.

 

Progress in mental health is not always linear. Some days will be more challenging than others, while others will feel lighter and more supported. By utilizing HIV/AIDS resources and community support groups, people can equip themselves with the tools to support themselves during their journey with HIV/AIDS.

 

Mental Health Tips

Even though HIV/AIDS is completely treatable today, it does not mean that people do not experience distress and challenges with their diagnosis. Coping with HIV/AIDS is a constant battle. Many emotions can come with the diagnosis. It is completely understandable and not abnormal for a person to experience mental health challenges when figuring out how to cope with HIV/AIDS. That is why it is crucial to take time to focus on self-care. Through healthy coping techniques, you can ensure HIV/AIDS does not dampen your hope for a better and healthier life.

Here are our top five tips to help improve your mental health when dealing with an HIV/AIDS diagnosis:

 

1. Exercise Regularly. Studies show that 30 minutes of exercise daily boosts your mood and improves your health. Whether it is a low-impact workout like walking or a high-intensity interval training workout, 30 minutes of movement and releasing energy will significantly help improve overall mental and physical health.
2. Have a Regular Sleep Schedule. When we sleep, our bodies repair themselves. Poor sleep can increase negative emotional responses to stressors and decrease positive emotions. A regular sleep schedule ensures your body recharges overnight and is ready to function the next day.
3. Eat Healthy Meals. A balanced diet improves energy, mood, and focus throughout the day. Focus on eating foods that are fiber-rich, low-fat, and unprocessed. A diet high in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, protein, and lots of water will help reduce the chances of developing other conditions like heart disease and cancer.
4. Stay Connected. It can be easy to isolate when you are feeling sad or stressed, but isolation can exacerbate those feelings. Surround yourself with family and friends who can provide emotional support. If you do not feel comfortable telling anyone you know about your HIV/AIDS diagnosis, consider joining an HIV/AIDS support group to connect with individuals experiencing the same thing.
5. Reduce Stress. Stress is a known factor for compromising the immune system. Studies have shown that chronic stress can accelerate HIV disease progression. Try relaxing activities like meditation, prayer, therapy, breathing exercises, massages, music, reading, or spending time in nature to reduce stress.

 

Closing Thoughts

Mental health concerns are serious and can significantly impact someone’s will to keep going. For those feeling worn down or emotionally drained by their HIV/AIDS journey, it is crucial to take the next step in seeking help. By raising awareness on this topic, we can reach people living with HIV/AIDS and ensure they receive the necessary support and advocacy to improve their mental well-being.

No one should feel alone, especially when facing a life-altering diagnosis. If you have been struggling with your mental health as someone living with HIV/AIDS, please understand that you are not alone. There is an entire community ready to offer support and assistance with open arms. Be open to receiving help and support.

 

HIV / AIDS Services in Tampa | IDATB

At IDATB, we are a group of consulting physicians specializing in diagnosing and treating infectious and tropical diseases. With over 30 years of HIV/ AIDS treatment experience and an in-house lab, IDATB has the resources and knowledge to provide excellent care to those with HIV / AIDS. Our physicians are available twenty-four hours daily to care for the Tampa Bay community. It is our privilege to care for you!

If you believe you are at risk for contracting HIV, are HIV-positive, or need someone to talk to about your concerns, do not hesitate to call (813) 251-8444 or review our services at https://idatb.com/services/.

Resources:

• https://www.verywellhealth.com/hiv-and-mental-health-5211903
• https://www.aids2020.org/the-psychological-impact-of-hiv/
• https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/staying-in-hiv-care/other-related-health-issues/mental-health
• https://journals.lww.com/aidsonline/fulltext/2019/07150/mental_health_and_hiv_aids__the_need_for_an.1.aspx
• https://www.hiv.va.gov/patient/daily/mental/single-page.asp
• https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/caring-for-your-mental-health
• https://pwatoronto.org/english/pdfs/topic-stress+HIV.pdf
• https://www.aidsmap.com/about-hiv/hiv-mental-health-emotional-wellbeing
• https://www.everydayhealth.com/hiv-aids/healthy-eating-for-people-living-with-hiv/
• https://hillsborough.floridahealth.gov/programs-and-services/wellness-programs/mental-health/index.html